When programming in C, you use conversion characters — the percent sign and a letter, for the most part — as placeholders for variables you want to display. The following table shows the conversion characters and what they display:
| Conversion Character | Displays Argument (Variable’s Contents) As |
|---|---|
| %c | Single character |
| %d | Signed decimal integer (int) |
| %e | Signed floating-point value in E notation |
| %f | Signed floating-point value (float) |
| %g | Signed value in %e or %f format, whichever is shorter |
| %i | Signed decimal integer (int) |
| %o | Unsigned octal (base 8) integer (int) |
| %s | String of text |
| %u | Unsigned decimal integer (int) |
| %x | Unsigned hexadecimal (base 16) integer (int) |
| %% | (percent character) |