Cheat Sheet / Updated 02-23-2022
To estimate sample size in biostatistics, you must state the effect size of importance, or the effect size worth knowing about. If the true effect size is less than the “important” size, you don’t care if the test comes out nonsignificant. With a few shortcuts, you can pick an important effect size and find out how many participants you need, based on that effect size, for several common statistical tests.